Gêneros dos bagres

Famílias

com gêneros

Géneros

Comprimento (total)

Altura
de corpo

barbatana
dorsal
Raios
moles

Adi
pose

Acanthicus
Spix / Agassiz, 1829
Elfenwelse

120

plano

8 ( - 9)

não

flat head, heavy growth with odontodes

Acanthobunocephalus
Friel, 1995

Acanthodoras
Bleeker, 1862

sim

only Doradidae genus with round caudal

Acanthopoma
Lütken, 1892

Acentronichthys
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889

normal

Acestridium
Hasemann, 1912

normal

não

needle-shaped, rounded caudal

Agamyxis
Cope, 1878

muito alto

sim

Ageneiosus
Lacépède, 1803
Delphinwelse

muito alto

Aguarunichthys
Stewart, 1986

Amaralia
Fowler, 1954

Amblydoras
Bleeker, 1862

sim

Ammoglanis
Costa, 1994

Anadoras
Eigenmann, 1925

Ancistomus
Isbrücker & Seidel, 2001
Trugschilderwelse
Peckoltia (snethlageae-Gruppe)

normal

sim

elongated than Peckoltia

Ancistrini
Kner, 1853

não
tudo

Ancistrus
Kner, 1854
Antennenwelse

plano

(6 - ) 7 ( - 10)

sim

Tentacles on the head

Andeancistrus
Lujan, Meza-Vargas & Barriga-Salazar, 2015

normal

sim

Anduzedoras
Fernández-Yépez, 1968

Aphanotorulus
Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1983
Leopardschilderwelse
(frankei-Gruppe)

plano

sim

Leopard pattern, lobes of the caudal fin approximately the same length

Apistoloricaria
Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1986

muito plano

não

Apomatoceros
Eigenmann, 1922

Aposturisoma
Isbrücker, Britski, Nijssen & Ortega, 1983

não

Araichthys
Zawadzki, Bifi & Mariotto, 2016

não

Aspredinichthys
Bleeker, 1858

Aspredo
Scopoli, 1777

Asterophysus
Kner, 1858

Astroblepus
Humboldt, 1805
Kletterwelse
climbing catfishes

Astrodoras
Bleeker, 1862

Auchenipterichthys
Bleeker, 1862

sim

Auchenipterus
Valenciennes, 18

Avalithoxus
Lujan, Armbruster & Lovejoy, 2018

muito plano

sim

Mouth: jagged edge striking circular

Bagropsis
Lütken, 1874

Balroglanis
Grant, 2015

Baryancistrus
Rapp Py-Daniel, 1989
Prachtharnischwelse

alto

sim

Dorsal fin and adipose fin are connected to a diaphragm

Batrochoglanis
Gill, 1858

Bergiaria
Eigenmann & Norris, 1901

Brachyglanis
Eigenmann, 1912

Brachyplatystoma
Bleeker, 1862

350

Brachyrhamdia
Myers, 1927

Brochiloricaria
Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979

plano

não

teeth with equal size on both jaws

Bullockia
Arratia, Chang G., Menu-Marque & Rojas, 1978

Bunocephalus
Kner, 1855

Calophysus
Müller & Troschel, 1843

Cambeva
Katz, Barbosa, Mattos & Costa, 2018

Centrochir
Agassiz, 1829

sim

Centrodoras
Eigenmann, 1925

Centromochlus
Kner, 1858

Cephalosilurus
Haseman, 1911

Cetopsidium
Vari, Ferraris & de Pinna, 2005

Cetopsis
Lichtenstein, 1819

Cetopsorhamdia
Eigenmann & Fisher, 1916

Chaetostoma
Heckel in Tschudi, 1845
Gebirgsharnischwelse

muito plano

(5 - ) 7 - 10

não
tudo

"rubber mouth"

Chasmocranus
Eigenmann, 1912

Chauliocheilos
Martins, Andrade, Rosa & Langeani, 2014

não

Cheilonimata
Provenzano-Rizzi, 2023

muito plano

não

Cheirocerus
Eigenmann, 1917

Cochliodon
Heckel in Kner, 1854

Hypostomus (cochliodon-Gruppe)

muito alto

não
tudo

few spoon-shaped teeth, jaws v-shaped

Copionodon
de Pinna, 1992

Cordylancistrus
Isbrücker, 1980
Breitkopf-Gebirgsharnischwelse

muito plano

8 ( - 9)

sim

haunch-shaped head

Corumbataia
Britski, 1997

não

Corymbophanes
Eigenmann, 1909

muito plano

não

Crossoloricaria
Issbrücker, 1979

muito plano

não

Cruciglanis
Ortega-Lara & Lehmann, 2006

muito alto

Cryptancistrus
Fisch-Muller, Mol & Covain, 2018

Cteniloricaria
Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979

muito plano

não

Curculionichthys
Roxo, da Costa e Silva, Orrego & Oliveira, 2015

7 - 8

Dasyloricaria
Isbrücker, Nijssen, 1979

alto

não

Dekeyseria
Rapp Py-Daniel, 1985
Rotdornharnischwels

muito plano

sim

afterbody strongly keeled

Delturus
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889

plano

8 - 10

sim

flat, strong keel before adipose fin

Dentectus
Salazar, Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1982

muito plano

não

Denticetopsis
Ferraris, 1996

Dolichancistrus
Isbrücker, 1980
Langstachel-Gebirgsharnischwelse

muito plano

(7 - ) 8 - 9 ( - 11)

sim

"rubber mouth", many small bristles along the snout

Doraops
Schultz, 1944

Doras
Lacepède, 1803

Duopalatinus
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888

Dupouyichthys
Schultz, 1944

Duringlanis
Grant, 2015

Entomocorus
Eigenmann, 1917

Epactionotus
Reis & Schaefer, 1998

Epapterus
Cope, 1878

Eremophilus
Humboldt, 1805

Ernstichthys
Fernández-Yépez, 1953

Etsaputu
Lujan, Armbruster & Rengifo, 2011

normal

sim

Eurycheilichthys
Reis & Schaefer, 1992

não

7 soft rays in the pectoral fin

Euryochus
Pereira & Reis, 2017

Exallodontus
Lundberg, Mago-Leccia & Nass, 1991

Exastilithoxus
Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979
Fransenmaul-Stromschnellen-Harnischwels

muito plano

6 - 7

sim

jagged mouth with many lip barbels!

Farlowella
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889
Schnabel-, Faden-, Nadelwelse

não

Ferrarissoaresia
Grant, 2015

Fonchiiichthys
Isbrücker & Michels, 2001

plano

Fonchiiloricaria
Rodriguez, Ortega & Covain, 2011

não

12 soft rays in the caudal fin

Franciscodoras
Eigenmann, 1925

sim

Furcodontichthys
Rapp Py-Daniel, 1981

plano

não

2 large, widely branched lip barbels, pointed head

Gelanoglanis
Böhlke, 1980

Gephyromochlus
Hoedemann, 1961

Gladioglanis
Ferraris & Mago-Leccia, 1989

Glanapteryx
Myers, 1927

Glanidium
Lütken, 1874

Glaphyropoma
de Pinna, 1992

Glyptoperichthys
Weber, 1991
Segelschilderwelse
Pterygoplichthys

alto

(11 - ) 12 - 14

sim

bumps on the supraoccipital plate

Goeldiella
Eigenmann & Norris, 1900

Guyanancistrus
Isbrücker, 2001

Pseudancistrus (brevispinis-Gruppe)

muito plano

sim

relatively large, very small maxillary barbels

Gymnotocinclus
Carvalho, Lehmann, Reis, 2008

normal

não

Haemomaster
Myers, 1927

Harttia
Steindachner, 1876

muito plano

não

very broad, flattened caudal peduncle

Harttiella
Boeseman, 1971

muito plano

6 - 7

não

Hassar
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888

sim

Hatcheria
Eigenmann, 1909

Helogenes
Günther, 1863

Hemiancistrus
Bleeker, 1862
Großaugen-Harnischwelse

normal

sim

Collection of genera

Hemidoras
Bleeker, 1858

Hemiloricaria
Bleeker, 1862
Hexenwelse

muito plano

7 ( - 8)

não

Hemiodontichthys
Bleeker, 1862

plano

não

Hemipsilichthys
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889

7 ( - 9)

não
tudo

Hemisorubim
Bleeker, 1862

Henonemus
Eigenmann & Ward, 1907

Heptapterus
Bleeker, 1858

Hirtella
Pereira, Zanata, Cetra & Reis, 2014

Hisonotus
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889

muito plano

(6 - ) 7

não

Homodiaetus
Eigenmann & Ward, 1907

Hopliancistrus
Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1989
Dreihornharnischwelse

muito plano

sim

three extremely strong odontodes behind the gill cover

Hoplomyzon
Myers, 1942

Horiomyzon
Stewart, 1986

sim

Hypancistrus
Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1991

normal

7 ( - 8)

sim

relatively small mouth, greatly reduced dentition

Hypodoras
Eigenmann, 1925

Hypophthalmus
Cuvier, 1829

Hypoptopoma
Günther, 1868

muito plano

sim

far outside eyes, spatulate body, strong armor

Hypostomus
Lacépède, 1803
Schilderwelse

alto

7 ( - 11)

sim

no odontodes of interoperculum, usually colored inconspicuous

Iheringichthys
Eigenmann & Norris, 1900

Imparfinis
Eigenmann & Norris, 1900

Isbrueckerichthys
Derijst, 1996

Isorineloricaria
Isbrücker, 1980
Igel-Harnischwelse
(spinossissimus-group)

plano

sim

extremely long by greatly elongated, thin, round caudal peduncle

Ituglanis
Costa & Bockmann, 1993

Ixinandria
Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979

muito plano

não

Kalyptodoras
Higuchi, Britski & Garavello, 1990

Kronichthys
Miranda Ribeiro, 1908

7 - 8

sim

Lamontichthys
Miranda Ribeiro, 1939

normal

não

Lampiella
Isbrücker, 2001

alto

não

Lasiancistrus
Regan, 1904
Deltaschwanzwelse

muito plano

7 - 8

sim

thick and thin odontodes on the operculum

Leiarius
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888

8 - 11

Leliella
Isbrücker, 2001

plano

não

Leporacanthicus
Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1989
Rüsselzahnwelse

normal

sim

"Buck teeth", upper lip has barbels!

Leptoancistrus
Meek & Hildebrand, 1916
Hochgebirgs-Harnischwelse

muito plano

não

no anal fin

Leptodoras
Boulenger, 1898

Leptorhamdia
Eigenmann, 1918

Leptotocinclus
Delapieve, Lehmann & Reis, 2017

normal

Limatulichthys
Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979

plano

não

Liosomadoras
Fowler, 1940

sim

Lipopterichthys
Norman, 1935

only 12 soft rays in caudal fin

Liposarcus
Günther, 1864
Segelschilderwelse
Pterygoplichthys (multiradiatus-Gruppe)

alto

(11 - ) 12 - 14

sim

no bumps on the supraoccipital plate

Listrura
de Pinna, 1988

Lithodoras
Bleeker, 1862

Lithogenes
Eigenmann, 1909

7 - 8

sim

Lithoxancistrus
Isbrücker, Nijssen & Cala, 1988
Flachkopfharnischwelse
Pseudancistrus (orinoco-Gruppe)

muito plano

sim

Lithoxus
Eigenmann, 1910

muito plano

não
tudo

Mouth: jagged edge striking circular

Lophiosilurus
Steindachner, 1877

Loraxichthys
Salcedo, 2013

plano

não

Loricaria
Linnaeus, 1758

plano

6 - 7

não

finely feathery mouth

Loricariichthys
Bleeker, 1862
Riesenhexenwelse

plano

não

Luciopimelodus
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888

120

Mastiglanis
Bockmann, 1994

normal

conspicuously prolonged pectoral fin

Megalancistrus
Isbrücker, 1980
Riesenkaktuswelse

alto

(9 - ) 10 ( - 11)

sim

massive

Megalocentor
de Pinna & Britski, 1991

Megalodoras
Eigenmann, 1925

Megalonema
Eigenmann, 1912

Merodoras
Higuchi, Birindelli, Sousa & Britski, 2007

Metaloricaria
Isbrücker, 1975

não

Micracanthicus
Lujan & Armbruster, 2011

plano

Microcambeva
Costa & Bockmann, 1994

Microglanis
Eigenmann, 1912

Microlepidogaster
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889
Hisonotus

6 - 7

não

Micromyzon
Friel & Lundberg, 1996

Microplecostomus
Silva, Roxo, Orrego & Oliveira , 2016

normal

Miuroglanis
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889

Myoglanis
Eigenmann, 1912

Nannoglanis
Boulenger, 1887

Nannoplecostomus
Ribeiro, Lima & Pereira , 2012

Nannoptopoma
Schaefer, 1996

não

Nannoxyropsis
Delapieve, Lehmann & Reis, 2017

normal

Neblinichthys
Ferraris, Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1889
Neblina-Harnischwelse

muito plano

(6 - ) 7 ( - 8)

sim

males have on the head are long, forward looking odontodes

Nemadoras
Eigenmann, 1925

Nemuroglanis
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889

Neoplecostomus
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888

sim

Niobichthys
Schaefer & Provenzano, 1998

muito plano

não

afterbody and caudal peduncle strongly flattened

Ochmacanthus
Eigenmann, 1912

Oligancistrus
Rapp Py-Daniel, 1989
Segelflossenharnischwels
Spectracanthicus

normal

sim

Opsodoras
Eigenmann, 1925

Orinocodoras
Myers, 1927

Ossancora
Birindelli & Sabaj Pérez, 2011

Otocinclus
Cope, 1872
Trommelfell-Welse

6 ( - 8)

não

Otothyris
Myers, 1927

não

Otothyropsis
Ribeiro, Carvalho & Melo, 2005

Oxydoras
Kner, 1855

100

Oxyropsis
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889

não

Panaqolus
Isbrücker & Schraml, 2001
Zwergschilderwelse, Tigerharnischwelse
Panaque (dentex-Gruppe)

normal

7 ( - 8)

sim

jaw mostly strong v-shaped

Panaque
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889

muito alto

sim

jaw mostly strong v-shaped

Paracanthopoma
Giltay, 1935

Paracetopsis
Bleeker, 1863

Paralithoxus
Boeseman, 1982

muito plano

sim

Mouth: jagged edge striking circular

Paraloricaria
Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979

plano

sim

Parancistrus
Bleeker, 1862
Breitkopfharnischwelse

muito plano

sim

first ray of the dorsal severely bent, huge gill opening

Parapimelodus
La Monte, 1933

Parauchenipterus
Bleeker, 1862

Paravandellia
Miranda Ribeiro, 1912

Pareiodon
Kner, 1855

Pareiorhaphis
Miranda Ribeiro, 1918

plano

não
tudo

Pareiorhina
Gosline, 1947

não

Pariolius
Cope, 1872

Parotocinclus
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889

6 - 7

sim

Paulasquama
Armbruster & Taphorn, 2011

muito plano

sim

Peckoltia
Miranda-Ribeiro, 1912
Zwergschilderwels

normal

7 ( - 8)

sim

Peckoltichthys
Miranda-Ribeiro, 1917
Flachstirnharnischwelse
Peckoltia (ucayalensis-Gruppe)

alto

sim

elongated, flat forehead

Perrunichthys
Schultz, 1944

Phenacorhamdia
Dahl, 1961

Phractocephalus
Agassiz, 1829

130

sim

Phreatobius
Goeldi, 1905

Physopyxis
Cope, 1871

Pimelodella
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888

Pimelodina
Steindachner, 1876

Pimelodus
La Cepède, 1803

Pinirampus
Bleeker, 1858

150

Planiloricaria
Isbrücker, 1971

muito plano

não

very small eyes, disk-shaped head

Platydoras
Bleeker, 1862

sim

Platynematichthys
Bleeker, 1858

130

Platysilurus
Haseman, 1911

Platystacus
Bloch, 1794

Platystomatichthys
Bleeker, 1862

Plectrochilus
Miranda Ribeiro, 1917

Plesioptopoma
Reis, Pereira & Lehmann, 2012

Plesioscleronema
Costa, Sampaio, Giongo, Almeida, Azevedo-Santos & Katz, 2022

Pogonopoma
Regan, 1904
Tannenzapfen-Harnischwels

plano

7 - 8 ( - 11)

não
tudo

Potamoglanis
Henschel, Mattos, Katz & Costa, 2018

Proloricaria
Isbrücker, 2001

plano

Propimelodus
Lundberg & Parisi, 2002

Pseudacanthicus
Bleeker, 1882
Kaktuswelse

100

alto

8 - 9

sim

strongly keeled, thorn-like odontodes

Pseudancistrus
Bleeker, 1862
Borstenkranz-Harnischwelse

plano

7 ( - 11)

sim

long beard from odontodes

Pseudauchenipterus
Bleeker, 1862

Pseudepapterus
Steindachner, 1915

Pseudobunocephalus
Friel, 2008

Pseudohemiodon
Bleeker, 1862
Flunderharnischwelse

muito plano

não

Pseudolithoxus
Isbrücker / Werner, 2001
Fliegerharnischwelse
Lasiancistrus (anthrax-Gruppe)

muito plano

7 ( - 8)

sim

very long pectoral fins

Pseudoloricaria
Blecker, 1862

plano

não

Pseudopimelodus
Bleeker, 1858

Pseudoplatystoma
Bleeker, 1862

140

Pseudoqolus
Lujan, Cramer, Covain, Fisch-Muller & López-Fernández, 2017

normal

sim

Pseudorinelepis
Bleekter, 1862
Tannenzapfen-Harnischwels

plano

7 - 8

não

no iris cloth, pinecone-like bone plates, flat head

Pseudostegophilus
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889

Pseudotatia
Mees, 1974

Pseudotocinclus
Nichols, 1919

(6 - ) 7

não

Pseudotothyris
Britski & Garavello, 1984

(6 - ) 7

não

Pterobunocephalus
Fowler, 1943

Pterodoras
Bleeker, 1862

100

Pterosturisoma
Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1978

plano

não

Pterygoplichthys
Gill, 1858
Segelschilderwelse

alto

10 - 11 ( - 12)

sim

no bumps on the supraoccipital plate

Pygidianops
Myers, 1944

Pyxiloricaria
Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1984

muito plano

não

triangular head

Reganella
Eigenmann, 1905

muito plano

não

Rhadinoloricaria
Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1974

muito plano

não

long, pointed head

Rhamdella
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888

Rhamdia
Bleeker, 1858

Rhamdioglanis
Ihering, 1907

Rhamdiopsis
Haseman, 1911

Rhinelepis
Spix, 1829
Tannenzapfen-Harnischwelse

plano

não

no iris cloth, pinecone-like bone plates, flat head

Rhinodoras
Bleeker, 1862

Rhinolekos
F. de Oliveira Martins & F. Langeani, 2011

plano

6 - 7

não

Rhinotocinclus
Reis & Lehmann, 2022

sim

Rhinotridens
Datovo, Ochoa, Vita, Presti, Ohara & Pinna, 2023

Rhizosomichthys
Miles, 1943

Rhyacoglanis
Shibatta & Vari, 2017

Rhynchodoras
Klausewitz & Rössel, 1961

Ricola
Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1978

plano

Rineloricaria
Bleeker, 1862

não

Sarcoglanis
Myers & Weitzman, 1966

Schizolecis
Britski & Garavello, 1984

alto

não

Schultzichthys
Dahl, 1960

Scleronema
Eigenmann, 1917

Scobinancistrus
Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1989
Pfauenharnischwelse

plano

sim

very few long teeth, elongated

Scoloplax
Bailey & Baskin, 1976

Scorpiodoras
Eigenmann, 1925

Silvinichthys
Arratia, 1998

Soromonichthys
Lujan & Armbruster, 2011

plano

sim

Sorubim
Cuvier, 1829

100

Sorubimichthys
Bleeker , 1862

200

Spatuloricaria
Schulz, 1944
Kammharnischwelse

muito plano

não

Spectracanthicus
Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1987
Falsche Rüsselzahnwelse

plano

sim

"Buck teeth", upper lip has no barbels! very pointed head

Spinipterus
Akama & Ferraris, 2011

Squaliforma
Isbrücker & Michels, 2001
Haischilderwelse
Aphanotorulus (emarginatus-Gruppe)

plano

sim

Leopard pattern, lower lobe of the caudal fin is longer

Stauroglanis
de Pinna, 1989

Stegophilus
Reinhardt, 1859

Steindachneridion
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1919

Stenolicmus
de Pinna & Starnes, 1990

Sturisoma
Swainson, 1838
Störwelse

não

Sturisomatichthys
Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979

não

Tatia
Miranda Ribeiro, 1911

Taunayia
Miranda Ribeiro, 1918

Tenellus
Birindelli, 2014

Tetranematichthys
Bleeker, 1858
Blatt-Delfinwelse

muito alto

Tocantinsia
Mees, 1974

Trachelyichthys
Mees, 1974

Trachelyopterichthys
Bleeker, 1862

Trachelyopterus
Valenciennes, 1840

Trachycorystes
Bleeker , 1858

sim

Trachydoras
Eigenmann, 1925

Transancistrus
Lujan, Meza-Vargas & Barriga-Salazar, 2015

muito plano

Trichogenes
Britski & Ortega, 1983

Trichomycterus
Valenciennes, 1832

Tridens
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889

Tridensimilis
Schultz, 1944

Tridentopsis
Myers, 1925

Tympanopleura
Eigenmann (Walsh et.al.), 1912

sim

Typhlobelus
Myers, 1944

Vandellia
Valenciennes, 1846

Wertheimeria
Steindachner, 1877

Xyliphius
Eigenmann, 1912

Yaluwak
Lujan & Armbruster, 2019

não

Zonancistrus
Isbrücker, 2001
Schmetterlingsharnischwelse
Dekeyseria (brachyura-Gruppe)

muito plano

sim

conspicuous bands, caudal peduncle strongly keeled, long, pointed head

Zungaro
Bleeker, 1958

160

Zungaropsis
Steindachner, 1908

318 entradas encontradas

Muito obrigado a

para as fotos

José Birindelli (CC BY-NC 3.0)

2, 10, 92, 258, 274

Lütken (1892) (PD)

diogoluiz (CCO (PD))

Enrico Richter

8, 12, 29, 31, 36, 63, 66, 72, 74, 97, 99, 124, 133, 141, 142, 162, 169, 173, 189, 190, 193, 194, 209, 210, 212, 217, 223, 246, 247, 248, 256, 265

Rudolph Kner (1855) (PD)

9, 16

E. Henschel, P. H.N. Bragança, F. Rangel-Pereira & W.J.E.M. Costa (CC BY 4.0)

Ingo Seidel

14, 17, 18, 33, 58, 60, 98, 102, 115, 180, 195, 211, 216, 218, 221, 222

Nathan K. Lujan

15, 26, 134, 244, 266

Eigenmann (1922) (PD)

Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

Robert Eckert

MNHN - Hautecoeur M. - 2006; Collection : Vertebrates - Ichtyologie (IC) (CC BY-NC 3.0)

Collins, Ribeiro, Machado, Hrbek & Farias (CC BY 4.0)

23, 86, 208

Thorke A.S. Østergaard (CC BY-NC 3.0)

J. Black

The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London (CC BY 4.0)

Lütken (1875) (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)

California Academy of Sciences (CCO (PD))

Johannes Sch (CC BY 3.0)

Christoph Rettberg (CC BY-SA 3.0)

The Field Museum - Michael W. Littmann (CC BY-NC 4.0)

Juan Guillermo Ospina Pabon (fb)

38, 123

Leandro Sousa (CC BY-NC 3.0)

39, 95, 108, 143, 186, 188, 234, 259, 261, 262, 263

Kner (1858) (PD)

R.P. Vari; C.J. Ferraris Jr. & M.C.C. de Pinna (CC BY-NC 4.0)

J. B. Spix, L. Agassiz & K.F.von Philipp (PD)

Andre Luis da Silva Castro (CC BY 3.0)

J. J. von Tschudi

The Field Museum (CC BY-NC 4.0)

Unitversity Louisiana

H. P. Risch

Pedro Pereira Rizzato (CC BY 4.0)

Juan Guillermo Ospina Pabon (CC BY-NC 3.0)

49, 52

A.R. Manzotti (CC BY-NC 3.0)

Field Museum of Natural History (CC BY-NC 4.0)

Armando Ortega-Lara & Pablo Lehmann A. (CC BY-NC 4.0)

Fisch-Muller, Mol & Covain (CC BY 4.0)

The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London (CC BY 4.0)

55, 235

Manzotti, Angelo Rodrigo (CC BY-NC 3.0)

Londoño-Burbano & Reis (CC BY 4.0)

President and Fellows of Harvard College (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)

59, 201

Mark Sabaj Perez (iXingu Project)

Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

Ictiologia Universidad Católica de Oriente (CC BY 2.0)

P. Habluetzel (CC BY-NC 3.0)

Erlend D Bertelsen

C. DoNascimiento, S. Prada-Pedreros & J. Guerrero-Kommritz (CC BY-NC 4.0)

V. Reis (CC BY 4.0)

Roberto E. Reis (CC BY 4.0)

Steindachner, Franz (1917) (PD)

Sarmento-Soares et. al. (CC BY-NC 3.0)

R. Kner & F. Steindachner (CC BY-NC 4.0)

Johann Forsthuber (Zierfisch Zentrum - Austria)

Hans-Georg Evers

79, 119, 136, 178, 191, 215, 238

Calegari, Reis & Vari (CC BY-NC 4.0)

V.L. Masson (CC BY-NC 4.0)

California Academy of Sciences (CCO (PD))

Muséum National D´Histoire Naturelle (CC BY-NC 3.0)

M.E. Bichuette, M.C.C. de Pinna & E. Trajano (CC BY-NC 4.0)

Michael Böttner

Bubu Schmidt

Tiago Carvalho (CC BY-NC 3.0)

California Academy of Sciences (CCO (PD))

V. de Brito & P.A. Buckup (CC BY 4.0)

90, 179

Hadrien Lalagüe (Guyane Wild Fish Association)

91, 224

L. Fernández & J.A. Bize (CC BY-NC 4.0)

Panta Rhei und Jens Gottwald

Jansen Zuanon (CC BY-NC 3.0)

Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)

100

F. Corrêa, E.F. de Oliveira, T. Tuchtenhagen, J. Pouey & S. Piedras (CC BY 4.0)

101

K.O. Bonato, P.C. Silva & L.R. Malabarba (CC BY 4.0)

103

Eduardo Baena (CC BY-NC 3.0)

104

California Academy of Sciences (CCO (PD))

105

The Field Museum - Michael W. Littmann (CC BY-NC 4.0)

106

Carla Polaz (CC BY-NC 3.0)

109, 228

Carvalho et. al., 2009 (PD)

110

Shastri Ballyram

111

Julio Endler

112, 174

California Academy of Sciences (CCO (PD))

113

A. Frota, H.J. Message, R.C. de Oliveira, E. Benedito & W.J. da Graça (CC BY 4.0)

114

The Field Museum of Natural History - Michael W. Littmann (CC BY-NC 4.0)

116

Felipe Alonso

117

Sven Nowack

118, 206

Shrumster (CC BY-SA 3.0)

121

Brenda Irwin

122

Dominick Porcelli (CC BY 3.0)

125

Delapieve, Lehmann & Reis (CC BY 4.0)

126, 153

anonym

128

The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London (CC BY 4.0)

129

Cristiano Moreira (CC BY-NC 3.0)

130

Mark Sabaj Pérez (CC BY-NC 3.0)

131, 243

Field Museum of Natural History (CC BY-NC 4.0)

132

135

Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle (CC BY-NC 3.0)

137

Cláudio Dias Timm (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)

138

Sandra Udrizar

140

Aquarium Glaser GmbH

144

Eigenmann, Carl H. (PD)

145, 150, 187

Bárbara B. Calegari (CC BY-NC 3.0)

146, 165

The Field Museum (CC BY-NC 4.0)

147

G.S.C. Silva, F.F. Roxo, L.E. Orrego, C. Oliveira (CC BY 4.0)

148

Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)

149

G. A. Boulenger (PD)

151, 155

The Field Museum - O.M. Ribeiro (CC BY-NC 4.0)

154

Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)

156

Cherobim, Lazzarotto, Langeani (CC BY 4.0)

157

Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle - Hautecoeur M. (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

158

California Academy of Sciences (CCO (PD))

161

E.D. Cope (PD)

163

Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)

164

Jonathan (Jon) Armbruster

166

Mitsuhiro Iwamoto

167

The Field Museum - Michael W. Littmann (CC BY-NC 4.0)

168

F. Dagosta & M. de Pinna (CC BY 4.0)

170

The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London (CC BY 4.0)

171

Paul Louis Oudart (1796–1860)

172

Devya Hemraj

175

Angelo Rodrigo Manzotti (CC BY-NC 3.0)

176

Anthony Giardenelli (CC BY-NC 4.0)

177

The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London (CC BY 4.0)

182

Guérin Nicolas (GFDL)

183

Citron (GFDL)

184

The Field Museum - Michael W. Littmann (CC BY-NC 4.0)

185

Edvaldo Trajano

192

The Field Museum - Michael W. Littmann (CC BY-NC 4.0)

197

Allan James

198

The Field Museum - Michael W. Littmann (CC BY-NC 4.0)

199

Gregory Quartarollo (Guyane Wild Fish Association)

202

F. Guder

203

Samuel Benn

204

T.R. Vigliotta (CC BY-NC 4.0)

205

The Field Museum - Michael W. Littmann (CC BY-NC 4.0)

213

A.K. Takako, C. Oliveira & O.T. Oyakawa (CC BY-NC 4.0)

214

Augusto Bentinho

219

California Academy of Sciences (CCO (PD))

220

B. Abreu-Santos, P.D.T. Corrêa, O.T. Oyakawa, J.A. Paschoa dos Santos & J.M.M. Schmiegelow (CC BY 4.0)

225

Hasemann, John D. (PD)

226

R.R. Ota, G. de Carvalho Deprá, W.J. da Graça & C.S. Pavanelli (CC BY-NC 4.0)

227

Martins & Langeani (CC BY-NC 4.0)

229

A. Datovo, L. Ochoa, G. Vita, P. Presti, W.M. Ohara & M.C.C. de Pinna (CC BY 4.0)

231

Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)

232

Manzotti, Angelo Rodrigo (CC BY-NC 3.0)

233

Rudolph Kner (1854) (PD)

236

California Academy of Sciences (CCO (PD))

237

California Academy of Sciences (CCO (PD))

239

J. Ferrer & L.R. Malabarba (CC BY 4.0)

240

Ilka Baumann

241

J.G. Albornoz-Garzón, C.onde-Saldaña, A. Acosta, J.E. Garcia Melo, E. Agudelo, F.A. Villa-Navarro, C. DoNascimiento (CC BY 4.0)

242

Sitron (GFDL)

245

B.B. Calegari, A. Akama & R.E. Reis (CC BY 4.0)

249

Kner (1857) (PD)

250

The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London (CC BY 4.0)

251

J.C. Garavello (CC BY-NC 4.0)

252

Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)

253

Armin Ackermann

254, 255

California Academy of Sciences (CCO (PD))

257

California Academy of Sciences (CCO (PD))

260

Luís Schiesari (CC BY-NC 3.0)

264

Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, M. Hautecoeur (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

267

Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)

268

Schultz (1944) (PD)

269

California Academy of Sciences (CCO (PD))

270

Walsh, Ribeiro & Rapp Py-Daniel (CC BY-NC 4.0)

271

California Academy of Sciences (CCO (PD))

272

Francis de Castelnau (1856) (PD)

273

The Field Museum - M.W. Littmann (CC BY-NC 4.0)

275

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